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 Soil Degradation   Soil degradation can be termed as soil degradation due to erosion or reduction in crop productivity due to unknown agro-industrial practices and various human activities. Causes of soil degradation, Hardening of the soil. Acidic or alkaline soil. Soil erosion. Soil compaction is when the amount of space between the soil is reduced and the soil particles are pressed together. Causes of soil compaction Moving heavy machinery over a soil surface. Workers walk frequently. Plowing in the same field for a long time Adverse effects of soil hardness. Depletion of soil space interferes with plant roots and microbial respiration. The growth of plant roots is inhibited. Inhibition of microorganism growth. The ability to digest organic matter is reduced and the release of plant nutrients to the soil is minimized. Absorption of water into the soil is minimized. Soil drainage is poor. Land preparation is difficult. Soil erosion, Soil erosion is the separation of soil, so...

 Farming methods and patterns in Sri Lanka 1.Hen farming(Traditional farming) It is a traditional farming method that has been practiced since the past in Sri Lanka. It is widely practiced in the dry region.At that time, a newly married couple was allowed to do this cultivation by the grant person of the village. The aim is to meet the economic, social and nutritional needs of the family. A forest has been selected for this farm. Later, it has been cultivated continuously on the same land. When the soil is continuously cultivated on the same land, its fertility decreases due to the depletion of nutrients. Then another site is selected for cultivation. In this case, to cultivate the relevant land, permission should be obtained from the grantee of the village. By this method of obtaining permission, forest destruction could be prevented. In the past in Sri Lanka, this cultivation method starts in the months of June and July. During this time, a stand is found in the forest and the st...

Importance of crop classification During grounding When applying fertilizers To select plants for transplanting To use chemical herbicides For pest control During grounding Land preparation varies according to different crops. Example:-Potato crops require a fairly high soil preparation, while cereals and legumes do not require soil preparation.       2.When applying fertilizers It is easy to apply that fertilizer mixture to crops in the same set.  Examples:-  A single fertilizer mixture can be applied to the gourd crops        3.To pick a crop for planting Transplanting plants of different genera is difficult Grafting between two plants of the same genus is effective The connection between two phenomena of the same specialty is very important        4.When using chemical herbicides In the application of chemical herbicides, the morphological characteristics of the crops are also exploited in addition to their excellent pe...

Irrigation system in Sri Lanka  Among the irrigation systems in the dry zone of Sri Lanka, tank systems are the oldest. In Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka, there is a lake system of 12 lakes. It has been created in the vicinity of Malwatu Oya and Yan Oya in Palugaswewa area. It is located 175 km inland from the capital Colombo. Anuradhapura is 40 km away, Habarana is 30 km and Dambulla is 10 km. This tank system irrigates 18,000 hectares of subsidized paddy cultivation area. The agro-ecological zone has an annual rainfall between 75 mm and 900 mm. The altitude is between 165 and 175 meters above sea level. In this area, paddy cultivation, vegetable cultivation and gardening are done as grants. The average temperature in this area is between 29 and 35 degrees Celsius. The Sinhalese, Tamil and Muslim people live in the vicinity of this lake system and the other crops grown are paddy, onion, chillies, cucumber, sesame, cow's milk, vegetables, fruits, etc. and they also cultivate fres...

 Producing new plants by grafting Grafting is the act of joining a part of a plant to a part of another plant of the same genus and growing it as a single plant. Here the plant attached to the soil is called the receiver and the foreign plant is called the supporter There are several methods of transplanting plants Plant breeding methods 1.Bud graft Plaster graft H graft T graft :-                 Upright T joint                 Inverted T joint 2.Shoot transplant Sprout wedge grafting Arch implant How the transplant is done In bud grafting methods, the cutting of the recipient plant is always used and the rootstock is brought as a bud and grafted to the recipient. After that, the grafting tape is done from the bottom of the recipient trunk up At seven to ten days post-implantation, the graft volume should be removed and checked If the graft remains green, the graft is successful If the graft is su...

  Hydroponic cultivation Cultivation of crops using another planting medium instead of soil is called soilless cultivation or hydroponic cultivation. Examples of planting media Coir  sand Gravel Small pebbles Coco seat glass wool straw Stones It is very important to sterilize the planting media before hydroponic cultivation Supplying nutrients in hydroponic cultivation An aqueous nutrient medium is used It contains all macronutrients and micronutrients required for plant growth It is important to maintain the pH value of the medium between five and eight - six and five Examples of nutrient media:- Alan Cooper mix Albert Mixture

  How to make fish manure as a liquid fertilizer By applying fish extract to plants:- Supplying good nutrients is very important to maintain good growth of a plant Fish extract can be described as a liquid fertilizer that is very easily available to a plant Now let's see how to make fish fertilizer, a liquid fertilizer that you can easily make at home Materials needed:- This requires a pot or small barrel with a sealable lid to prepare the liquid fertilizer Discarded fish or fish waste - 1kg brown sugar - 1kg Water as needed to dilute Let's see how to make this now:- Here, first add five hundred grams of sugar to one kilo of fish with water and put it in the pot and close it, after that for ten days add another five hundred grams of sugar and close it. After about fourteen days this can be given to the plant and used Also mix some lime here to control the pH

 Control And Maintenance of Nurseries Nursery control for upland crops A nursery is a temporary stand where planting materials are planted and cared for until they become suitable for planting in the field, providing a favorable environment for germination and plant growth. Importance of nursery management The environment suitable for plants can be controlled Stronger and healthier plants can produce more growth. Plants can be produced from small seeds that are difficult to plant directly in the field. The required number of plants can be obtained with less seed quantity than that required in simultaneous planting of seeds in the field. Care is easy Only healthy plants can be selected and planted in the field. Uniformity can be achieved in the field by selecting plants with similar growth. Availability of recipient plants for grafting. Nursery setting There are four steps to setting up a nursery Choosing a suitable location Nursery mix and nursery setting Nursery sterilization Inst...

 Making organic green manure. Today we are going to tell you how to make liquid green manure in a very simple way. This liquid fertilizer can be prepared in a very simple way using plant leaves. Liquid fertilizer is an organic fertilizer that increases the growth and yield of the plant. How to prepare liquid fertilizer A container is always needed to prepare liquid fertilizer. Crush 30 kg of Gliricidia or wild sunflower leaves and put them in a tub. Add water just to dissolve it. Then leave it for 2 days to settle well .Then strain Dilute the filtered solution 1:3 with water and spray on the plants. You will see good growth of crops and increase in yield. In this way you can easily prepare liquid fertilizers at home. If you have any other agricultural problems, please write your problem below in the comment section.

How to make quality compost in six weeks Raw leaf parts 1 Dry leaf parts 1 1 parts of dry animal waste   How to make compost First choose a suitable station Take the compost pile as 1 meter wide and 1.5 meters high. The length can be maintained as needed. Spread a layer of dry leaves on the bottom of the cleaned ground On top of that, alternately pile a layer of animal waste, then a layer of greens up to a height of 1.5 meters. Finally cover the pile completely with black polythene. Always use water when laying floors. After two weeks, turn the pile over, stir and cover again. Fertilize every two weeks. After six weeks, plants can be applied. Quality compost :-  brown or black Fragile There is no offensive prose. Composite Factors affecting the process:- 20% or 30% carbon/nitrogen Moisture and air 50% - 60% Temperature (60-70 degrees Celsius)